华慧考博英语温习：财经类翻译常用表达集萃（一）

华慧考博不景气 slump (衰退 recession)二板市场 the second board market中国创业板 China Growth Enterprise Market首次上市 IPOs (initial public offering)市场资本总额 market capitalization法人股 institutional shares内部股(非上市招股) private company shares牛市 bull market执法风险 legal risk风险治理 risk management坚持严格的贷款尺度 maintain strong underwriting standards六大风险 risks in 6 key areas (U.S. Federal Reserve criterion)信用风险 credit risk供应学派 supply-side economist第一工业(农业) agriculture (primary industry)第二工业(工业) manufacturing industry (secondary industry)第三工业(服务业) service industry (tertiary industry)主要经济指标 major economic indicators海内生产总值 GDP gross domestic product (商品和劳务币值总和，不包罗外洋收入支出)国民生产总值 GNP gross national product(商品和劳务币值总和，包罗外洋收入支出)人均海内生产总值 GDP per capita华慧考博宏观经济 macro economy相助基金 mutual fund扩大内需 expand domestic demand改善住民心理预期 inspire the general public's confidence in the future needs勉励增加即期消费 encourage more immediate consumption恒久国债 long-term treasury bonds支付国债利息 to service treasury bonds财政赤字和债务 deficits and the national debt按原口径盘算 calculate on the base line按稳定价钱盘算 calculate at constant price按可比价钱盘算 calculate at comparable price列入财政预算支出 listed in the fiscal budget结售汇制度 the system of exchange, settlement and sales经常项目顺差 favorable balance of current account, surplus of current account开办人民币业务 engage in Renminbi (RMB) business出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods保证金台帐制度 Deposit account system for processing trade分期付款 pay by installment保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings抵押贷款 collateralised loans住房抵押贷款 residential mortgage loan钱币主义者 monetarist计划经济 planned economy指令性计划 mandatory plan技术麋集型 technology intensive华慧考博大规模生产 mass production经济林 cash tree跟踪审计 follow-up auditing流动性风险 liquidity risk操作风险 operational risk内部审计 internal audit抛售 bear sales配套政策 supporting policies中国人民银行(中央银行)The People's Bank of China(central bank)四大国有商业银行 4 major State-owned commercial banks中国银行 Bank of china中国工商银行 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China中国建设银行 Construction Bank of China Agricultural Bank of China招商银行 China Merchants Bank疲软股票 soft stock配股 allotment of shares实际增长率 growth rate in real terms年均增长率 average growth rate per annum投资回报率 rate of return on investment外贸收支口总额 total foreign trade value实际使用外资 incoming overseas capital (investment) in place消费价钱指数 consumer price index (CPI)零售价钱指数 retail price index (RPI)生活用度价钱总指数 total price index of living cost生活用度 income available for living expenses扣除物价因素 in real terms / on inflation-adjusted basis住民储蓄存款 residents' bank savings deposit恩格尔系数(食品开支占总支出的比例) Engel coefficient基尼系数(权衡地域差异) Gini coefficient购置力平价法 purchasing power parity (PPP) (权衡使用差别钱币的两个国家或地域的经济水平、收入水平的一种盘算法，用相等的汇率比力两种钱币各自的海内购置力)华慧考博片面追求生长速度 excessive pursuit of growth泡沫经济 bubble economy经济过热 overheating of economy通货膨胀 inflation实体经济 the real economy经济纪律 laws of economics市场调治 market regulation优化资源设置 optimize allocation of resources规模谋划优势 advantage of economies of scale劳动麋集型 labor intensive市场风险 market risk收紧银根 tighten up monetary policy适度从紧的财政政策 moderately tight fiscal policy信用紧缩 credit crunch增强国有商业银行内部资金调理 In state commercial banks, internal capital allocation should be improved.合理划分贷款审批权限 Limits of authority for examining and approving loans should be rationally defined.保证有市场、有效益、守信用企业的流动资金贷款 ensure floating capital loans for well-performing and trustworthy enterprises which turn out the right products for the right markets启动民间投资 attract investment from the private sector适销对路的产物 the right products / readily marketable products国有企业 State-owned enterprises (SOEs)团体企业 collectively-owned (partnership) enterprises私营企业 private businesses民营企业 privately-run businesses中小企业 small-and-medium-sized enterprises更多考博履历以及考博真题请大家关注华慧考博_一个专业考博英语领导平台。实时为大家更新全国各大院校博士招生简章，收集完善各院校考博英语真题、考博专业课真题等重要考博讯息。

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